Lipids

 LIPIDS 

What Are Lipids?

Lipids are organic molecules that consist of a glycerol backbone and 2 fatty acid tails . Fatty acids are long chains of hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group at one end . Lipids are  hydrophobic (water-fearing) because of the non-polar bonds between carbon and hydrogen . The structure is typically made of a glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic), and a phosphate group (hydrophilic).




(lipids in the cell membrane)


Functions of Lipids Include:

- They're used as long-term energy.
- Lipids act as a waterproof covering.
- They are also thermal insulators.


Why Do We Need to Eat Lipids? 

Fats provide needed energy in the form of calories. Fats help our bodies absorb important vitamins.

Interesting Facts About Lipids 

- They can hold a lot of energy.

- They help the body to absorb some of the vitamins

- Helping produce hormones. Including estrogen and  testosterone ect.
 


Types of Lipids 

1. Triglycerides
2. Phospholipids
3. Steroids
4.Waxes






Triglycerides

We commonly all the triglycerides "fats" and "oils". Triglycerides are the main form of lipids found in plants and animals.

Triglycerides Structure 

Triglycerides are made out of a glycerol backbone attached to 3 fatty acid chains.






Types of Triglycerides










Unsaturated and Saturated


Saturated fats (including trans fats) 

Polyunsaturated 

Polyunsaturated fats are the healthiest out of all the fats and that's because they lower the bad cholesterol in your body (LDL) and decrease the risk of heart diseases and strokes.



Trans fats


Trans fats are lab made fats and they're made by adding hydrogen to vegetable oil to make it soil at room temperature. 


How much lipids should we eat daily?

Fats should make up 20-35% of our total daily diet.









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